The process of enlargement of the European Union (EU) is in crisis because of the seriousness of the economic recession and the deep differences on the European integration process. Germany’s Angela Merkel was the first to call a pause in consolidation following the rapid addition of 12 countries.

This policy shift has jolted the expectations of the Balkan countries and Turkey, and may jeopardize the political, economic, and social development of these states. European Commission President Jose Manuel Durao Barroso tried to reassure Ankara’s concerns and assured Turkish president Abdullah Gul that the EU door remains open to Turkey but the country must accelerate its reforms.

The foreign ministers also reaffirmed their counterparts in Croatia, Turkey, Bosnia, Serbia, Macedonia, Albania, and Montenegro on the promise of their integrating into the EU when they are ready.

Amidst all these promises, the reality is different.

Accession negotiations with Croatia are blocked by Slovenia because of a dispute on sea and land border. Merkel is willing to accept the accession of Croatia, German and Austrian historical ally in the Balkans, but the lack of ratification of the Lisbon Treaty threatens the aspirations of Zagreb. The accession negotiations of Turkey barely moved due to obstructive maneuvers of Cyprus and the slow pace of Turkish reforms. Macedonia, official candidate for membership since 2005, has blocked the start of the negotiating process on the part of Greece which requires the former Yugoslav republic to changes its name. Last year, Athens vetoed the admission of Macedonia in NATO for that reason. Netherlands vetoed the implementation of the Association Agreement with Serbia (step prior to the accession process) to demand the arrest of Bosnian Serb Ratko Mladic.

France has warned that there will be no new membership until institutional reform that incorporates the new treaty has entered into force. This is essential for the enlarged EU to function with speed, efficiency, and democracy.

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Via Schuman Square